History
The settlement of the human in Ethiopia goes back to prehistoric era. The kingdom was established around 8th century BC in the north of Ethiopia & Eritrea. Yeha became the capital of the kingdom.
Demography
The population of Ethiopia was 33.5 million during 1983 an in 2006 it has reached up to 75.1 million. Most of the people speak Cushitic or Semitic language. The Amhara, Oromo and Tigray cover more than 75 percent of the country’s population. And among them Oromo is the biggest ethic group as per census of the 1994.
Government and politics
The government is headed by Prime Minister in the Ethiopia. The country’s politics occurs in framework of the federal parliamentary republic. The Government exercises the executive power in the county.
Culture
The culture of the country is dominated with the Christianity and the Muslim religion. Both are the major religions in the country that formulate a mixed culture. Music is the integral part of the culture. Model system used in the Ethiopian music, makes the country’s music unique.
Economy
The economy of the Ethiopia is some of the poorest at the world level. But recently the country has achieved a fast growth in annual GDP. In 2007 it was the fasted growing country in terms of oil independency. The country is having a great source of coffee beans and it is the 10th biggest in production of livestock at world level that has greater contribution in the economy of the country.
Education
Orthodox Church had been dominating the education of Ethiopia for many of centuries and it came to an end in early 1900s when the secular education took place in the country. for a long time many of the communities was exploited in terms of education such as Oromo people were not permitted to take admission in educational institutions. Amhara and Christian had a full freedom for the education. Especially the Christians have a good chance to have higher education.
Neighbor countries
Ethiopia shares its border with the neighboring countries such as Eritrea, at the north, Kenya at the south, Sudan at the west, Djibouti at the north-east and Somalia at the east.
Geographical setting
Ethiopia’s major portion is located at the Horn of Africa. Geographical and elevation location form 3 climatic zones in the country. The deserts at the east border and tropical forests of the south Ethiopia, contribute for a diverse ecology in the country.
Freedom
In 1993, under the supervision of UNOVER, a referendum took place in order to insure that how many population want independence. 99 percent of the population of the country voted in favor of independence. Finally the country became independent on 24th May of 1993.
Capital city
Addis Ababa is honored as the political as well as commercial of Ethiopia. The city was founded during the 1887. It is the biggest city of the nation and also is the seat of Federal Government of Ethiopia. It hosts many embassies and embassies as well as international and regional nongovernmental organization.
Currency
The unit currency of Ethiopia is the Birr that was introduced in the 1945. Initially it was called as Ethiopian dollar but in 1979 it was renamed as Birr. Coins are also in the circulation in the country. The circulation of the coins is as 1-5-10-25 and the 50 cents and lastly the 100 Birr is biggest printed note of the country.
Population
According to the census of 2006, the population of the country was estimated as 75.1 million that was limited only up to 33.5 million in 1983. The 70 percent of the population has been acquired by Tigray, Amhara and Oromo people.
Apart from them there are 80 different ethnic communities are the parts of the country’s population. The census of the 1994 shows that largest ethnic group in the country is Oromo that covers 32 percent of the country’s population.
Amhara is the second largest community in the country that’s population is estimated as 30.2 percent. As far as the other ethnic groups are concerned, the population of the country includes Gurage 4.3 %, Somali 6%, Sidama 3.4%, Afar 2%, Hadiya 2%, Wolayta 2% and Gamo 1%. In 2007 the country hosted refugee’s population.
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